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There are however those who succeed in denying ancestor demands made conscious, in renouncing them, and in building up anew their own fate consciously and willfully.
Certainly this newly chosen fate most often brings less pleasure than there was with the old compulsive fate. We think only about the familial addicts. However, each freely chosen fate bestows upon its bearer the exalted feeling of the freedom of a self-guided fate and consequently the feeling of becoming a self. The free denial of a definite compulsion for the repetition of a non-personal life secures for the person self-respect and self-development, which up until then they have completely missed, under which they have suffered and which opens to them the path to becoming a person.
In the last and fifth book of fate analysis Schicksalstherapie [Fate Therapy], we intend in a succession of cases to follow the long way a person in a fate analysis has to go to have success in a new manner of choices in love, friendship and often also in occupation by his self-chosen and personal choice of fate. Here we must be content with two references to the cases that are given in that book.
In Case 11 we presented a psychiatrist, in whose family several members were paranoid schizophrenics. This was the situation with the brother, the mother, and her first husband; furthermore with his first beloved, a cousin, whose brother and two distant cousins and an cousin, who was the wife of a paranoid homosexual musician.
We mentioned that this psychiatrist was surely a conductor of schizophrenia, since when older he succumbed to paranoid dementia exactly as did his mother.
In the meantime however this man had fought a conscious and heroic fight against his familial predisposition to paranoid delusional ideas. Through decades he succeeded in denying his paranoid ancestors and in transforming these minefield demands by his ancestors into scientific and therapeutic interests. For a while he succeeded in this by means of a familial conditioned "vocational introjection," thus by work tropism [Operotropismus] to escape from his compulsive fate. There were however hours, often days and weeks, in which he was incapable of the vocational introjection of his ancestors. He appeared suddenly -- often even without warning - full of anxiety at my consulting hour and looked for me to assist him in his denial of his oppressing paranoid ancestors. I never experienced more clearly the process and the possibility of a familial negation as precisely as I did with this talented colleague. As his strength left him and as he became powerless in opposing his compulsive fate, I decided to begin a proper fate analytic [schicksalsanalytische] therapy. At that time he was already in his seventies. He regained also temporarily his strength for denying his familial illness. Several years afterwards he could still work further -- despite his advanced age -- until then a death in his closest family delivered him to the compulsive fate of paranoid psychosis, without him being able to resist. One had to intern him.
This case is a paradigm for the not infrequent fact that a carrier of a hereditary disease can extract himself from the compulsion of his ancestors by the ego and by negation of the family fate, because he had experienced the horrible compulsive fate of his ancestors in the life of his own brother and in that of his own sister. In this case his personal experiencing of the schizophrenia of his brother caused not only the fear of this illness but also the conscious ego's taking a position of denying and a deliberate counter identification in this sense: He does not want to repeat the fate of his brother.
Case 12. The fate of the 55 year old business man came about -- exactly as with the psychiatrist -- by familial negation and by counter identification with the fate of his brother. In this case however in his fate analysis the familial negation was then already completely repressed. Only in the analysis was the earlier conscious process of the counter identification with the fate of the brother again made conscious.
The man came to me with the question: Why does he -- like an agitated Don Juan - have to chase after all women? He is indeed -- he told me -- happily married, has children, whom he loves, and forces himself nevertheless somewhat to lead a polygamous-like life. He feels it internally constantly very strongly that he is basically no Don Juan.
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The man supplied seven times in 10 foreground profiles the classical ego picture of repression: Sch = - 0, and three times the so-called masculine compulsive ego: Sch = ± 0. The fate analytic question was thus:
1. What must this man so continuously repress? This question refers to the pure repression profile: Sch = - 0.
2. Which is the opposite pair that denies (k-) a striving and which however affirms (k+) and in the character -- as a piece of his drive fate (in form of a compulsive act) -- was imprinted? This second question will be solved by the ego function of the masculine-shaped compulsive ego picture: Sch = ± 0.
Here it is sufficient that we communicate only the final result of the analysis:
1. The man in the foreground is an "apparent" and a "pseudo Don Juan."
2. He must prove himself day after day "blatantly" that he is a man. Why? Because he is in the background a woman, whom he however constantly tries to repress and to deny.
He solves the problem of a pair of opposites "Should he be a man or a woman?" in two ways: First of all in such a way that he vacates the whole pair of opposites of the sex affiliation from consciousness, that is he represses (Sch - 0). Or however he isolates the biologically interconnected striving "maleness-femaleness" compulsively from each other in the way that in the foreground he denies (k-) only the femaleness - which his background actually affirms (Th. K.P.: Sch + ±); the maleness, however, is affirmed (k+) in an exaggerated manner. Thus in the foreground he becomes a Don Juan since in the background he would like to be constantly a woman. (Th. K.P.: Sch + ± = acceptance (k+) of the femaleness (p±).
As we had confronted this intelligent business man with this nature of his drive and ego fate, he remembered suddenly an unfortunate phase of his youth, in which the following had happened: He had a brother, who was a passive homosexual and -- nearly shamelessly -- like an older woman, lived as with a husband in a common household with mostly bearded men. The life of this brother was up to his early death a drama that repeated itself in suffering of abandonment. The testee became conscious in these youthful years that the life of a homosexual man was a "suffering road to Damascus." There he decided now consciously, he would not suffer under the power of this love for the same sex. Thus he began intercourse with women -- thus relatively late at 24 years -- which he compulsively had always to repeat with other women. Thus he became a Don Juan -- from a defense and fear that he must repeat the cruel fate of his homosexual brother. In the meantime he succeeded to repress and thus to forget through many years the actual origin of his polygamy-like promiscuity completely. Only the confrontation in his fate analysis woke him up about his experience in youth about the fate of his brother.
In this case we can on the basis of ego analysis and fate analysis reconstruct briefly the processes, which led to the familial negation, as follows.
At the end of puberty our testee was in the physiological phase of juvenile homosexuality.
He did not dare however to give way to these juvenile strivings since he had seen the tragic fate of his older brother.
There appeared early a counter identification, that is, a conscious denial of the homosexual fate. Only in a dream could he be a woman who copulates in bed with a man.
This dream returns from his youth again and again and is a proof for the correctness of the experimental ego analysis, which makes apparent in the background of the affirmation of the femaleness (Th. K.P.: Sch = + ±). Dream contents are determined mostly from the demands of the backgrounds.37
The testee had then later (after 24 years of life) separated the femaleness from the maleness and completely isolated one from the other. The fate of the femaleness was the denial (k-) and the fate of the maleness however was the incorporation and stamping the character (k+) of a Don Juan into the ego. Thus developed a male ego with the compulsive state of a Don Juan . His compulsive behavior is precisely that he must chase after all women. Something that he was not able to stop. As this Don Juan compulsion then became too disgusting, he had to repress completely the pair of opposites "man - woman"; then there arose an uncomfortable emptiness in his life, which forced him to seek a fate psychologist for advice. Only in his fate analysis were his history and the origin of his familial negation experienced again, and he began to sublimate his strong polygamous instincts in favor of a monogamous attitude. He said to me after the analysis: "For this reason I also up to now through the attitude of my wife have not let myself slide into unfaithfulness and avoided possible opportunities and did not use the given possibilities. This however was not from loyalty to the wife but from loyalty to myself, to which, I regarded as my internal task. This manner of living led me, as is understandable, to a strong internal state of tension, which lasted as long as the sublimation of the sexual forces only partly and respectably occasionally succeeded." This was the situation after one year of the fate analysis. How severe however this renouncement of the polygamous attitude is for our testee was clearly indicated by the following symptom, for which he sought me out at last: Since he completely extracted himself from the polygamous attitude, he has had an outbreak on his palms.
We must naturally interpret this outbreak, which appeared on the groping palms that were precisely the tools of the tenderness relationship, as a hysteria conversion defense from the temptation to touch a woman tenderly. He needs therefore still a defense mechanism, but no more against the homosexuality but against the polygamous attitude. The man defended for the time being thus against the homosexuality by the polygamous attitude and then against the polygamous attitude by the outbreak on the palms. We hope that he will be able also to do without this kind of defense in the course of time. Otherwise, then we must be reasonable and both be content with a significant but harmless symptom, which he bears easily, in place of the dangerous symptom of being a Don Juan. An analyst must constantly be modest precisely because a psychoanalysis is never a "godly" perfection but constantly only an all-too-human incompleteness and inadequacy.
*
One can make to us the following objection: Why do we speak here of a familial denial and not of a personal nature? Both testees have indeed experienced personally a sick brother. The answer reveals itself from the analysis of the compulsive fate in the partner choices. With the psychiatrist, the family is full of paranoids. Our Don Juan married his cousin, who is however bisexual. Their same sexual love objects are older and eventually sick women.
Fate psychologically this marriage with this masculine-inverted cousin is a substitute for the love of the passive homosexual sick brother. The familial nature of the inversion is however not only confirmed in that the brother and cousin of the testees are inverted but also through the fact that the daughter, who sprung out of this "cousin cousin marriage," is also inverted. It is correct consequently in both cases to speak of a denial of the familial predisposition. The demand, which both testees denied, was precisely a hereditary predisposition of the family.
Familial negation has an inner relationship to the question of hereditary prognosis and consequently to the question of marriage classes.
(b) Genotropism Respectively Classified Marriage Classes and Familial Negation
In the preceding two cases it is striking that both men fell in love with a cousin. The psychiatrist, whose mother and brother were paranoid schizophrenics, fell in love with a cousin of second degree on the mother's side, whom he could not however marry because in the meantime she became a paranoid schizophrenic and committed suicide. The Don Juan had more luck: He married a cousin on the mother's side, who however was actually as inverted as his own brother. In both cases we must assume that the testee was himself a bearer, thus conductor, of the same hereditary predisposition his chosen cousin had. Fate analysis states: The partners in the marriage choice were gene related. The love originated through the process of genotropism.
The original love however applies in both cases, as this was confirmed clearly from the analysis of first the mother, next the brother and only then the cousin. The mother incest love and brother incest love became transferred thus to a gene related woman and to the cousin.
In the first book of fate analysis [Schicksalsanalyse], we have treated in detail the relationship between incest and genotropism (in Chapter VI).38 We show that in families in which there is a recessive hereditary illness, not only the frequency of marriages between blood relations, in first place being the "cousin-cousin marriage," but also that of rape cases that are committed on blood relations as also being that of an incestuous love binding. We have verified these statements with a succession of corresponding examples. Particularly interesting is Case No. 22 in which a fraternal twin pair produced children and lived together.39 Then Case No. 23, in which a young man fell in love with a girl who was his own not-recognized half sister.40 In this case the experience of living together with the beloved partner in childhood is absent completely.
Incest love can occur thus without any dependence on any early experience but purely on the basis of gene relationship and of genotropism.
We developed in the first book Schicksalsanalyse the following hereditary rule: The daughter takes mostly after the grandmother on the father's side or a sister of the father. The son on the other hand quite often takes after the grandfather on the mother's side or a brother of the mother. The father is thus the primary bearer, the conductor, of the dynamic gene stock of his mother's line and indeed the transmission succeeds most strongly with the daughter. The mother transmits her father's line most strongly to the son. She is the conductor of the dynamic father's hereditary treasures. Consequently the hidden dynamic genetic strivings of the father goes most frequently to the daughter; that of the mother over to the son. The following diagram will represent this "transmission" schematically.
[Mann = man; Frau = woman; Tochter = daughter; Schwiegersohn = son-in-law; Schwiegertochter = daughter-in-law; Sohn = son]
Fig. 7. Diagram of the Gene Relationship Between Father and Daughter and Between Mother and Son
Explanation of the diagram:
I. The man (No. 1) bears his mother (2) in his gene stock of the familial unconscious. On the basis of this ancestry form of the mother, to whom he was bound incestuously, he seeks himself his woman (3) who is gene related to his mother (2).
II. The woman (3) is the transmitter, the conductor, of her father's hereditary stock (4). On the basis of the father's form in her familial unconscious she chooses the man (1), who is gene related to her father (4) and thus is gene related with her (3).
III. The daughter (5) bares her own father in herself, who has begat actually in the daughter his own mother (2), whom he bears within himself. Daughter and father are consequently -- through the mother of the father -- genotropically related. Therefore the incest love between father and daughter.
IV. The son (6) bears his own mother (3) in himself, who in the son has brought into the world her own father (4), whom she bears in herself. Son and mother are therefore -- through the father of the mother -- gene related. Therefore the incest love between mother and son.
V. The daughter later abandons the incestuous father binding and chooses herself a "strange" man, 7 (1), who however is chosen on the basis of the father image (1) - thus again on the basis of gene relationship. This strange man (7) must bear in himself his mother, who is again gene related with the mother of the father-in-law (2 in 1) and with the choosing woman (5).
VI. The son (6) marries after the separation from the mother (3), to whom he was bound incestuously, a "strange" woman, No. 8 (3), whom he has, however, chosen on the basis of his mother's image, and indeed as a substitute for the not permitted incest love for the mother. His chosen woman (8) is gene related with the man (3 in 6) , whom she has chosen on the basis of her father, whom she bears in herself. This father however must be gene related with her man (6) and with her grandfather on the mother's side (4), who is gene related to her man. With the children out of this marriage (5-7 and 6-8), the same process is repeated as in the marriage (1-3).
This is the rule in partner choice.
Where it acts in reverse and the strongest binding and mutual support occur in the marriage choice on the basis of the relationship between father and son and respectively mother and daughter, then a narrow gene relationship manifests itself between the parents and the children in a quite specific hereditary characteristics, thus, most frequently, on paranoid and homosexual traits. On the basis of this very extensive investigation we come to the following conclusions:
I. Each love bears in the Freudian sense the character of "incest love."
II. Incest love is constantly a genotropic original intra-familial attraction. It is only a particular case of genotropism taking place between father and daughter and mother and son. Bio-psychologically each love however is a "love for the same gene and thus gene love," a projective participation, a being one, the same, and related through the same gene and through the "gene relationship."
III. We distinguish a narrow and endogamy familial form and a wider and extra-familial exogamy form of genotropism. The endogamy and intra-familial genotropism corresponds to incest love and is strictly forbidden by the incest barrier (love between mother and son, between father and daughter, and between brother and sister). The extra-familial form of genotropism on the other hand corresponds to the most frequent form of the so-called exogamy marriage classes. It plays in our culture the same role as the tolerated "classified" relationship marriages with primitives.
IV. Marriage classes in our culture rest consequently on the rules of exogamy extra-familial genotropism. Marriage classes are seen from the biological point of view: Classes of distant gene relationships. The exogamy marriage classes of the gene related replace in our culture the endogamy incest of old cultures (with the Egyptians, Persians, Peruvians). Incest marriages are indeed also marriages between gene related and only in the realm of one's own family.
V. We divide the exogamy and genotropic marriage classes into three groups. This group division rests on the strength of the sameness and respectively the kinship of that gene, which is responsible for the libido-tropic attraction.
A. The homogeneous marriage classes are those in which the partner conductors are of the same gene and respectively the same gene group. On the basis of the drive system we distinguish eight different factorial homogeneous marriage classes:
1. h marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the predisposition to hermaphroditism and respectively to homosexual inversion.
2. s marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the sadomasochistic perversion predisposition.
3. e marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the epileptic form predisposition (epilepsy, migraine, stuttering, asthma, glaucoma41, allergies, vessel-cramp [vaso-neurosis]; further epileptic form psychisms such as pyromania, kleptomania, dipsomania, running mania [Poriomania], killing mania [Thanatomanie], enuresis, left-handedness).
4. hy marriage class: Both partners are hysteria conductors.
5. k marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the catatonic forms of predisposition.
6. p marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the paranoia predisposition.
7. d marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the predisposition to depression and melancholia.
8. m marriage class: Both partners are conductors of the predisposition to mania and to lack of inhibitions.
B. Intra-vector genotropic marriage class.
1. h-s marriage class: One partner is h conductor; the other partner is s conductor.
2. e-hy marriage class: The one is e conductor; the other hy conductor.
3. k-p marriage class: One is a k conductor; the other p conductor.
4. d-m marriage class: One is a d conductor and the other m conductor.
C. Extra-factorial genotropism marriage class:
We can state that between the following extra-vector conductors a genotropic attraction is quite often present:
1. h-m marriage class: the one partner is an h conductor; the other an m conductor.
2. s-d marriage class: The one is s conductor and the other d conductor.
3. e-p marriage class: The one is e conductor and the other p conductor. This form of concluding a marriage is relatively more frequent than the three others in group C.
4. hy-k marriage group: One partner is hy conductor; the other k conductor.
We have observed the strongest degree of libido-tropism with the homogeneous and the weakest with the extra-vector marriage classes. The homogeneous marriage class stands the closest to incest love. The intra-vector marriage class often gives the impression of a complete marriage.
It will be the task of future investigators to determine:
(a) Which form of marriage class is relatively the most harmonious and happy?
(b) With which marriage classes are separation and divorce the most frequent?
(c) Which marriage is the most fruitful?
(d) Which is psychologically the healthiest and hereditary prognostically the most favorable?
After all these questions have once been exactly cleared up, we can then pronounce a judgment on the question: When is a familial denial regarding marriage and love relationship justified and when not?
*
In the definition of familial negation, we have emphasized that here the person himself consciously rebels against the working of genotropism and in particular against libido-tropism. He denies, for example, a love relationship because he as a conductor of a definite familial predisposition and will not get involved with a partner in love and marriage, since the person descends from a family that possesses the same hereditary illness as in his own family. The resistance against the genotropism in marriage stems most frequently from the side of the family than from that of persons who feel themselves drawn to one another genotropically. In this case one can say: The ego of the family, thus the "familial ego," denies a marriage that on the basis of familial strivings -- in the sense of genotropism -- wants to come about.
The familial negation of marriage, the marriage taboo, is expressed mostly on the basis of the hereditary prognosis of the descendents. In our current society, there is thus next to a social and a financial status rule also a hereditary prognostic guiding rule for marriage that is thus developed precisely on a definite exogamy as in the case with primitives. The decisive difference between the two exogamy rules is seen in that the buildup of the relationship spheres is different with primitives than with us. Consequently, the marriage rules are also different. This circumstance can not hold us back from raising the question whether the same authority of hereditary hygiene is still decisive with both the primitives and cultured people in the forbidding of definite marriages.
We may answer only correctly this question when we investigate the exogamy rules of primitives not with our eyes but on the basis of the principles of their "own genetics." We must examine their marriage rules and "incest taboos" on the basis of the primitive's view of propagation theory. The marriage classes of primitives are best known in the case of the Melanesian tribes. We follow here literally the statements of Malinowski on the Trobrianders, since these statements were confirmed also with other primitive peoples.
"The totem organization of the natives is simple and symmetrical in its main lines. Mankind is divided in four clans (kumila). According to the opinion of the natives the special kind of totem for each particular clan is just as unalterably innate as sex, skin color and build. The totem cannot be changed; it goes beyond the individual life, because it is passed to the other world and is brought back unchanged again to this world when the spirit returns by reincarnation. This fourfold totem organization applies, according to the opinion of the Trobriander, to the whole world and covers all groups of mankind. If a European comes on the Trobriand island, then the natives ask him quite simply and trustingly to which of the four classes does he belong, and it is not very easily explained to the most intelligent one among them that this fourfold totem division organization does not apply to the whole world and is not rooted in human nature. The natives of the neighboring areas, where there are more than four clans, are inserted constantly into the fourfold pattern without difficulties, by dividing everyone of the four Trobriander clans into several foreign clans. For this classification of smaller groups under larger ones is a model in the Trobriander culture, because each of the larger totem clans covers smaller groups, so-called dala or sub-clans, as we wish to call it."
"The sub-clans are at least as important as the clans, because the members of the same sub-clans are actually blood related, from the same rank and form the local unit of the Trobriander society. Each local village community consists only of people who belong to only one sub-clan; they have common claims to the land of the village, to the surrounding garden lands, and to a number of local privileges. Large villages consist of several local units, but each unit has its connected land in the village and adjacent a large piece of garden land. There are even different terms in order to designate affiliation to a sub-clan and affiliation to the clan. People of the same sub-clan are actual relatives and call each other veyogu, my blood relation. For a member of the same clans, who belongs however to another sub-clan, this term is used only superficially and figuratively; on closer questioning one receives the answer that such a man is only pseudo-related: It becomes with more reflection the derogatory term kakaveyogu (my false relative)." 42
For high rank, in particular however for the blood relationship, sub-clan is more importantly than the clan. The clan is actually a social category and plays nevertheless a role in the question of incest taboos. On the basis of the statements of the natives Malinowski gives the following insights on blood shame and exogamy:
"Exogamy is for the natives an absolute taboo, both which concern marriage and sexual intercourse; a breaking of the rules meets with the strongest moral disapproval, which kindles the anger of the community against the wrong doers and which with the discovery of their offenses drives them to suicide. There is also a supernatural means of punishment, a terrible illness that can lead to death. Consequently exogamy is strictly observed; trespass never happens."43
These statements describe however -- as Malinowski stresses -- only the "moral ideal"; real behavior deviates far from it. The breach of exogamy within the clan with the "false relatives," the so-called "kakaveyola," occurs everywhere.
The actual rule reads: "Marriage within the clans -- differing from love relation -- is considered as a serious offense against the rule."44 "More strictly are observed the rules of exogamy, if the two partners belong not only to the same clan but also to the same sub-clan (dala)."45 Because these are genuine relatives (veyola mokita). Marriage among members of the same sub-clan is completely impossible, and also the sexual relationship is much more strictly defended against by blood shame. "Still more strictly the rules apply to genealogical provable relationship. Blood shame with the daughter of the sister of the mother is a disgusting crime that can lead even to the suicide."46 The Trobriander calls this manner of blood shame "suvasova." It is the highest taboo. (See on this the taboo listed in the section: "Collective Negation.")
Now one must distinguish two kinds of relationship with the primitives. First the "individual" blood relationship, which is itself only on the female line within the family community and which refers to the closest individual family. Thus: Blood relationship between mother and child and between brother and sister. The relationship with the grandmother goes already beyond this close family relationship. The second is the so-called "classified" relationship. With this family relation the relationship is not considered between two individuals but between an individual and a group (clan and sub-clan). Certain terms for the relationship -- like mother, sister, brother, father, which actually refer with us only to the close individual family members - is used in "classifying" relationship system of primitives (L. H. Morgan) outside of the family circle. Some examples according to Malinowski illuminate the manner of classified relation: The word
1. Tabu(gu)47 designates grandparents; the grandchild (grandchildren); the sister of the father, the daughter of the sister of the father.
2. Ina(gu): as individual blood relationship means: Mother, sister of the mother; as classified relationship: Women from the clan of the mother.
3. Tama(gu): As individual relationship the word refers to father, brother of the father; son of the sister of the father; in the classified sense: Men from the clan of the father.
4. Kada(gu): Brother of the mother and reciprocally; son of the sister and daughter of the sister.
5. Lu(gu) ta: In the individual sense of relationship: Sister (if a man speaks it); in the sense of the classified relationship: Woman from the same clan and the same generation (if a man speaks it); Man from the same clan and the same generation (if a woman speaks it), etc.48
That thus means: The child calls not only its own mother inagu (my mother), but also the sister of the mother (thus the aunt on the maternal side), even all women from the clan of the mother, only the word received - suiting the distance -- a different feeling stress. And a girl does not only call her father tama(gu) (mine = gu, father = tama) but also the brother of the father and even all men from the clan of the father. One can speak thus of relatives of first and second order, and with the distance both the intimacy and the severity of the taboo decreases very rapidly.
(Vert long page next Sec 1.4)
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